For Italians, Dodging Coronavirus Has Become a Game of Chance
Daily life in Italy is now a roll of the dice. Just ask residents of Pavia, once home to a founder of modern probability theory.
In Italy, at least, there is no better place to assess those odds than Pavia. The handsome town of about 75,000 sits south of Milan, in the middle of the hard hit Lombardy region, and is known as the
Las Vegas of Italy for its abundance of slot and lotto machines.
More than that, Pavia is famed as the home of Gerolamo Cardano, a 16th-century mathematician and doctor. His father was an associate of Leonardo da Vinci, his siblings succumbed to the plague, and his terrible luck at gambling inspired him to try to divine whether the dictates of fate could be predicted and calculated.
In the intensive care unit of a Pavia hospital, doctors are treating a person known as Patient One, a previously healthy 38-year-old runner who is believed to have helped spread the virus around the Lombardy region.
The hospital’s doctors are busy calculating the probability of contagion, illness and death. Dr. Raffaele Bruno, director of the infectious disease unit at the San Matteo Hospital in Pavia, said they were compiling a data set to help international colleagues have a better sense of the stakes.
“You can calculate the odds when you have the numbers,” said Fausto Baldanti, a virologist at the San Matteo Hospital in Pavia. “If you don’t have the numbers, everything is hypothetical.”
He said that the hospital’s early efforts to separate coronavirus patients from others had helped bring the death rate down, as had what he called a “huge expansion of the intensive care units.”
Those rigorous measures in the Lombardy region reduced the number of serious cases and deaths, he noted. Nevertheless the virus’s toll in Italy has continued to rise, this week surpassing 12,000 infections and more than 800 deaths.
The overload of the system, he said, meant that care was not a constant.
On Wednesday, Giorgio Gori, the mayor of Bergamo, a town in Lombardy, who had written on Twitter that intensive care units had become so overloaded that “the patients who cannot be treated are left to die,” said in an interview that doctors were forced to write off those with “smaller chances of survival.”