You raise some interesting points (thanks for articulating them) and I think it deserves some expanding on.
Cheers, much appreciated.
I have split your post up and added my comments to each section.
I don't think we need to comment on the Palestinians and apartheid. It's clear as day and I think even the most staunch Zionist can't get away from this fact.
The occupation of the West Bank and the vice like grip on Gaza must end. There's no other way around it. Personally speaking when engaging with others I have found the language of apartheid to be closely equated with South Africa for obvious reasons.
The crime of apartheid defined in the Rome Statute (page 4 of this document:
https://www.icc-cpi.int/resource-library/documents/rs-eng.pdf) gives precise detail to what is a loaded word, as below:
"The crime of apartheid" means inhumane acts of a character similar to those referred to in paragraph 1, committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime;
I think this is a more helpful definition to use, and I think could be applied to many countries around the world too (showing that the crime was not created simply to apply to one geopolitical situation) - Sudan, Myanmar and China are obvious ones which spring to mind.
The latter point on Israeli Arabs is indeed an interesting one, which I will comment on. Although overtly, you would think that there is no apartheid for Israeli Arabs, in practice, and in reality, there are a number of discriminatory laws, barriers to employment, anti-Arab rhetoric, instances of racism and a 'second class citizen' feel to their existence.
I am not here to focus solely on formal equality under the law, and to ignore the realities of a situation, but it is worth stating two things.
First, that Israel does not have a codified constitution of the type in the US. There are basic laws which build on previous ones. But this also means that new basic laws can be introduced, just as Netanyahu's Government did. And you won't find me defending it, not least because it seems to run up against key parts of the Declaration of Independence:
"Ensure complete equality of social and political rights to all its inhabitants irrespective of religion, race or sex: It will guarantee freedom of religion, conscience, language, education, and culture; it will safeguard the Holy Places of all religions; and it will be faithful to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations".
and appeals to:
"the Arab inhabitants of the State of Israel to preserve peace and participate in the upbuilding of the State on the basis of full and equal citizenship and due representation in all its provisional and permanent institutions."
Much like structural discrimination in the United States ignored the fundamental principles of the Constitution in speaking of equal protection of the laws, this discrimination threatens the equality promised in 1948. The situation is one which can be changed and improved, in other words, without throwing the baby out with the bathwater.
You firstly have
laws such as the nation state law which is absurd and gives a clear preference to
Jewish ethnicity. I mean let's look at this one for example -
“The right to exercise national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish people.”
There's articles online that do a better job of explaining it, but this is an absurd law. How can the right to self determination only exist to Jews? How can a state be determined by a ethno-religious group and not take into account other citizens such as Israeli Arabs, Christians, Druze? You're basically alienating the Arab ethnicity and preventing them from having a voice whilst also governing them.
It's racist, in my opinion, and a clear agenda to give Israeli Jews a status above Israeli Arabs (and more broadly a status above anything that isn't Israeli Jewish).
This law also demotes Arabic as a state language (giving it a 'special status' - where have we heard about statuses before) and makes Hebrew the state language. Again, it's an absurd law to pass and even the articulation is absurd It's a state preference to one race of citizen, giving preference over the other.
Again, you won't find many complaints from me about the Basic Law change. It was only passed by the Knesset by 62-55 too - not a sweeping mandate by any means.
I am not defending this but the growth of an ethno-nationalistic politics is very much is a worrying trend in countries today, not just Israel:
https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/religionglo...o-religious-nationalism-in-an-age-of-anxiety/
There have been attempts to draft a codified constitution for a Jewish democratic state, including a right of return (which is a right protected by many nation states today). See the Constitution by Consensus attempt here:
https://en.idi.org.il/media/6361/constitutionbyconsensus_draft.pdf
They proposed:
The State of Israel is a Jewish state in the following two senses: it is the political framework in which the right of the Jewish people to self-determination is manifested and it is a "Jewish nation-state." A first and necessary condition to being a Jewish and democratic state is a decisive majority of Jews in the State. Israel's attribute as a Jewish and democratic state is conveyed through aspects of Zionism and Jewish heritage; first and foremost, each and every Jew has the right to immigrate to the State of Israel. Other aspects are Hebrew being the main official language of the State and the inextricable link to Jewish culture in public life. On the other hand, the characterization of the State as Jewish is not intended to bestow extra privileges on its Jewish citizens and does not obligate the imposition of religious requirements by state law.
The State of Israel is democratic in the following sense: the sovereign is the entire community of the nation's citizens (and it alone), irrespective of ethnic-national origin. In the main, the character of the State as a democratic country is manifested by two basic principles: the first being the recognition of the dignity of man qua man, and the second, derived from the first, is the recognition of the values of equality and tolerance. Arrangements regarding free and equal elections, the recognition of the core human rights, including dignity and equality, separation of powers, the rule of law, and an independent judiciary, are all drawn from these principles. Democracy's basic principles require equal treatment of all those included as citizens of the State, without regard to their ethnic, religious, cultural, and linguistic affiliations.
I have spoken a lot with the One State crowd. The problem I have there is that I think it is practically unachievable, no matter how desirable. Again, if it cannot work in Bosnia, I cannot see it operating in Israel/Palestine.
You also have the Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI) who have released a publication a couple of years ago highlight the discrimination faced by most Israeli Arabs -
It's this type of rhetoric (which is fairly common in this thread from the usual pro Zionist few) who have it ingrained in their psyche that any Arab state in the land would automatically just annihilate any Jews in the area. It's nonsensical hyperbole and again, it's a convenient way to detract from the larger point. What's different here is that this accusation is levelled at Israeli Arabs. The reason I highlight it here is that I don't believe Moshe is in the minority in terms of how he views the Israeli Arabs, and I believe it's this type of language and rhetoric that further fuels the issues we see. And I believe there's a deliberate use of language to get this ingrained into the Israeli psyche.
If you have discriminatory laws, and discriminatory rhetoric, then by hook or by crook, you're creating a discriminatory state.
There's an insight into life as an Israeli Arab here:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/13/netanyahu-israel-palestinian
As has been stated elsewhere in the thread, there has been a realignment in Israeli politics over the past two decades, and the former dominant Labour Party are no more. The immigration to Israel from the former Soviet Union has moved the populous as a whole to the right too.
I have always thought that the best way to ensure the security of Israel is to reach a settlement with the Palestinians and then peace treaties with her neighbours.
I will focus on a different point about Arab states if I can - I think that for a lot of the leadership in those states feels that the Palestinians are useful. Especially in Egypt under Mubarak for example - the press were full of anti-Semitic tropes about Israel and sympathies with the Palestinians as a neat way to distract from the corruption and human rights abuses committed in those polities. I suspect many authoritarian and dictatorial leaders are afraid of what a democratic Palestinian state will do to their own grips on power. That makes it even more important for me to bring it about.
Secondly, your point "If you have discriminatory laws, and discriminatory rhetoric, then by hook or by crook, you're creating a discriminatory state." I can accept this as a straightforward principle. Also I would ask - surely this can be applied to many democratic states around the world as well? I would say so. That doesn't diminish your point about Israel, but it does show that we are not holding her to a standard we would not expect from the UK, France and so on.
There's a clear ethno-racial preference for Israeli Jews with Israeli Arabs (which constitutes Christians, Muslims and Arabs) as a second class citizen. The laws and discriminations felt is a culmination of institutional discrimination, being written into Israeli law. So to me, it's a less overt apartheid than say the life of Palestinians there but the reality is the Israeli Arabs are doing marginally better. Their state probably won't be considered apartheid by our regular Zionist weirdos, but the reality is that it is.
Lord Steyn who was a judge in the House of Lords once described Guantanamo Bay as a 'legal black hole'. I read a piece by an academic disagreeing stating that the detention camp was a 'gray hole'. The prisoners had some rights, which the US could point to, but it still didn't change the fact that they were in a desperate position.
I'm not comparing Israel to GITMO before anyone asks. Merely that structural discrimination does not mean that individuals don't have rights. We see that in the UK and USA with the structural racism against non-white citizens, who have the same rights as everyone else.
If I was gay and had to pick a Middle Eastern country to live in, it would be Israel. We can, I think, both state that Israeli Arabs can be discriminated against and also that they have many more rights than in other Middle Eastern countries. The two are not mutually exclusive. The fact that Israeli Arabs sit on the Supreme Court and are members of the Knesset is laudable, and should not be discounted, or ignored, but it seems the question is how to rectify and improve the prosepcts of 20% of the country, and not point to the achievements of a few and state that there is no problem?
A final point - Likud only won 24% of the total votes in the recent elections. Israel's electoral system goes well beyond PR, and gives minor parties much more power than they would have in other countries. It also means Likud needs right-wing parties and settler supporting parties to govern. If Israel moved to FPTP, could that give a political party a majority in the Knesset, giving them the votes and time to properly pursue a two state solution without relying on other parties votes?
That is pie in the sky I know, but I have been wondering if the political paralysis cannot be solved under the current voting system, which simply means a continuation of the status quo.