I'm curious, what do Sikh's actually believe? I know many have the last name 'Singh', and you guys have domes on your temples that are not gold (that would be a mosque) and you offer free meals to anyone walking in off the street (which is awesome btw), but I've never genuinely met a Sikh, and I'm just curious what it's all about. Is it similar to Hinduism i.e. lots of different gods?
Lots to answer here but no worries!
So Sikhs essentially believe that there is only 1 God but it's not your typical bearded man in robes idea (rather our gurus fit that image). God in Sikhism, is
kind of like the force in Star Wars except it is sentient. But God is an entity basically pervading everything in the universe but also transcending it too. Technically that means God is actually pervading you and me too, and that's what us Sikhs call the 'soul'. The objective for a Sikh is to achieve enlightenment in which case they'll be attuned to reality of the universe. We believe human desire and instinct, i.e. Ego is the barrier from us achieving this
You're right Sikhs are usually identifiable by the usually middle name, but sometimes surname Singh, which means lion. Females usually have the middle name Kaur, which means princess. It can be easy to mix up our Gurdwara (Sikh temple) with other places other worship - Mosque, or a Mandir (Hindu), but the best way to identify a Sikh place of worship is really tall saffron flag that should be outside every Gurdwara. Actually arguably the most famous gurdwara at all is covered in Gold, and is commonly known as the Golden Temple.
Every Gurdwara should provide a free kitchen with 24 hour service for anybody. Donations are welcome, but not compulsory at all, the food is all free. This was started by the Gurus because people would come to visit them from all over India and be weary from their travels, so a free kitchen was provided for them. Also it has a symbolic meaning as everyone sits on the floor together, no matter your status, wealth or caste. India at that time (and many ways still is today) was divided by caste especially.
Sikhism has a close relationship with Hinduism, and Guru Nanak (founder) was born into a Hindu family which often leads to idea that Sikhism is an offshoot of Hinduism. This isn't true however and it's an independent religion in it's own right that would be here regardless of Hinduism.
Hope this helps.