Do you have any literature on this topic that I can read? I need a solid argument that I can throw in the face of bigots who claim it is "unnatural and against our culture and traditions, and that it's purely due to us following Western trends blindly".
Sure. I can summarize it. Apologies if me talking about this is turning politics into a religious thread, but I suppose one time post doesn't matter much.
1) In the Virata Parva of Mahabharata, Queen Sudeshna describes Draupadi's beauty in a way that implies she herself is attracted by it. That is quoted by ancient vedantins to show that same-sex attraction is a normal thing.
Then Sudeshna said to Draupadi, 'What you say (regarding your profession) can never be compatible with so much beauty. (On the contrary) you might well be the mistress of servants both, male and female. Your heels are not prominent, and your thighs touch each other. And your intelligence is great, and your navel deep, and your words solemn. And your great toes, and breasts and hips, and back and sides, and toe-nails, and palms are all well-developed. And your palms, soles, and face are ruddy. And your speech is sweet even as the voice of the swan. And your hair is beautiful, and your breasts shapely, and you are possessed of the highest grace. (~ Virata Parva, Mahabharata)
A 16th century Acharya is recorded in lectures to have quoted this and clarified to a disciple who had a doubt on whether same-sex attraction is possible. Note that Sudeshna says Draupadi is fit to have both male and female servants; meaning, both are attracted to her and would be willing to serve her.
2) In Vedanta, marriage is only for the purpose of procreation. If it is a daughter, then she must propagate the knowledge of the Shastras. If it is a son, then he should assist his father in Veda-karyas in addition to teaching and propagating the Vedas. Any purpose other than this falls under the class of lust, which is denounced in the Gita as follows:
एवं बुद्धेः परं बुद्ध्वा संस्तभ्यात्मानमात्मना।
जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम्।। (Gita 3.43)।।
Meaning: Thus, understanding desire or lust, which is higher than even the intellect, to be the biggest enemy to Jnana Yoga (method of meditation on the Slef), and establishing the mind by means of the intellect in Karma Yoga (performing Vedic works without attachment to its' fruits), destroy this foe, in the shape of desire which is difficult to overcome.
3) Going by the above verse, Homosexuality, as well as Heterosexuality for the purpose of pleasure without progeny, is not conducive to knowledge. And so, neither fall under the purview of Vedic marriage. The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad actually instructs the husband to not indulge in foreplay and simply eject semen and withdraw, to ensure he remains detached! However, this does not mean either homosexuality or heterosexuality without progeny are unnatural, obviously. Be he a homo or hetero, he is required to restrain his senses to be accepted into the Vedic fold.
4) While some things are discouraged, nothing is prohibited. Those who are not inclined towards true knowledge are suggested to continue to indulge in their desires, with the sanction of the Shastras. The logic is that if they atleast adhere to some semblance of rules while indulging in acts that do not promote knowledge, they will eventually progress and acquire this knowledge in future births.
4) The basis of ridiculous notions that homosexuality is prohibited comes from certain misinterpretations of Man Utd Smriti. This text prescribes certain expiatory acts as follows:
maithunaṃ tu samāsevya puṃsi yoṣiti vā dvijaḥ |
goyāne'psu divā caiva savāsāḥ snānamācaret || 174 ||
If a twice-born man enjoys union with a male, or with a female, in an ox-cart, or in water, or during the day,—he should take a bath along with his clothes.
(Note: The punishments in Man Utd Smriti are not literal; they are called "arthavadas" or exaggerated statements to impress upon one the severity of the act committed. Thus, by saying the punishment is to take a bath with clothes on, the implication is that it is not a major crime).
Note the qualification here: Twice-born. The job of a brahmana is to propagate the Vedas and thus, be controlled in his senses. Such a person is of course needed to abstain from sex with men and with women when the intent is not progeny. Hence, it recommends such a punishment. It does not restrict those who are not interested in the knowledge of Brahman. Note that even here, sex with man is mentioned along with woman as a norm.
Another verse misinterpreted in the text as follows:
amānuṣīṣū puruṣa udakyāyāmayoniṣu |
retaḥ siktvā jale caiva kṛcchraṃ sāntapanaṃ caret || 173 ||
A man who has had sexual intercourse with nonhuman females (bestiality), or with a menstruating woman,—and he who has discharged his semen in a place other than the female organ, or in water,—should perform the ‘Sāntapana Kṛcchra.’—(173)
Note that this again is only referring to expiatory acts for a person intent on seeking knowledge of Brahman. An ordinary person is not bound to do this. And even here, it cannot be said that homosexuality is being called unnatural merely because bestiality is mentioned. The reason for which different items here being forbidden are different - bestiality is unnatural, sex with a menstruating woman is forbidden and discharging semen via masturbation or through homosexual intercourse does not yield progeny and hence is a waste of semen. Just because many things are forbidden does not imply the reason for forbidding them are the same.
I have followed the opinions of ancient Vedantins on the subject. Modern day hindus are blissfully unaware of all this and simply read english translations on the net, that is probably the reason for the ignorance prevalent today.
Apologies for diverting this thread from political discussions.