we do have actuaries - though the funding of the NHS is something that in truth is a bit of a cock up and its far too political to let actuaries get involved in any meaningful way- its essentially runs out of our normal taxation system as do our pensions to a large extent...
our NI (national insurance contributions) theoretically cover NHS, Pensions etc but in truth they dont...
NI is either around 13% or 10% tax collected in addition to your normal tax rates (approx 20% or 40% (above certain thresholds))
Where most people get confused abot pensions is they think the government takes that money - invests it, and then pays them back their pension out of that money at the end - it has of course never worked like that and the current contributions are used to pay for current collected pensions - initially the scheme assumed around 12 people working for each person retired (as people tended not to live too long after retirement and the pension wasnt very much) - now we find people live a lot longer after retirement, the amount we pay them is more and quite simply the system is broken (estimates are it will be two and a bit working to each retired as the baby boomer's get older which will add even more strain to the NHS at the same time)- so we use the general taxation pot to subsidise - as indeed we do with the nhs as well
So about 38% of total spending is health and pensions...
NI contributions account for circa 20% of government income
2014-15 were the last years I could see where NIC was £110,406 Million out of £515,348 Million
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploa...e/493308/Dec15_Receipts_NS_Bulletin_Final.pdf
So effectively our tax rates are more like 33% and 50% but politically nobody wants to admit it so they keep the pretence that NI contributions are separate to general taxation even though its clear that is not the case.
All that said I'm a big believer in free health care and decent pensions - I just wish our successive governments of different persuasions had the decency to be honest with us about NI and the true cost of heath and pensions - I think its worth it but pretending its covered by NI is just a joke