I feel like the attributes capture the strengths and weaknesses of players, but they are an idealized version of them. Like AWB is a very good tackler in reality, but he has TWENTY tackling stat in the game, the all time great already... Mc Tominay is a good workhorse, so he has elite mental attributes. The only players with FT, Technique, Passing, Vision, Decisions and Off the Ball better than Mata are David Silva and Messi. Even Phil Jones has like elite Tackling, Heading and positioning. Matic has a random 19 Balance among faded physical stats, Luke Shaw has 15 tackling, 14 Marking, 14 Positioning, 14 Concentration - that would make a lot of CBs proud.
Compare that to Bayern's stats.
It's not just United though. Different clubs and countries applying different scales has been a thing for a while. For example Italians always have the best back room staffers and Lukaku is an absolute Monster in the game, Haaland - who has a somewhat similar player profile in real life - is a bit of a joke in comparison.
Usually English club players are overrated if you compare them to German club. IMO German club researchers are hard to please, whereas Italian and English club researchers are very generous.
The attributes you posted, they shouldn't be taken in isolation btw for the game. Jones is useless as his concentration, composure is shit. That means he isn't good CB at all, same with Bailly, Lindelof, Rojo. That's why I said they are not overpowered. McT isn't a good midfielder with low passing, composure, decision making stats.
Some of the stats are overrated (I agree with that and I always said that's the case with English clubs especially) but some of the key attributes are rated low, which means these players won't have higher CA.
Mata and Matic with such low physical attributes are not good enough players. Also Balance as per their definition is how well they stay on the feet both on and off the ball, 19 is without doubt too high but he really has good balance.
Shaw is overrated too as he has right mix of attributes except vision. IMO Shaw, Brandon Willians, McT are overrated for sure (even though McT has key stats low for his position)
Lukaku has 20 for balance, must be one of the biggest joke. Looks like Inter researcher is a huge fan, he was rated very poorly when he was at ManUtd even after 28 goal season. His finishing was dropped to 15. Now Inter guy gave him 20 for balance, 18 for work rate, 14 first touch, 14 composure, decision. He is one of the best complete strikers in the game,
I have already mentioned this, Bayern ratings are a joke. Very poor job, especially Davies profile.
Btw I'm not disagreeing with your post completely, just that the attributes should be considered alongside other key attributes.
How I see ManUtd team
GK - GK with too many weakness
FB - Rated highly than in real life. .
CBs - Maguire is good, other CBs are poor with so many weakness.
CM - Pogba - poor decision making, concentration, very poor defensive stats.
Other Midfielders like Matic, Fred, McT - Decent stats in few but poor key attributes like Physical for Matic, Mental for other 2.
Attackers - Rated fairly.
IMO most of the ManUtd players have clear weakness in key attributes. Bruno, Rashford, Martial are very few of the players who dont have weakness for the positions they play. Excluded Telles as he was rated by Porto researcher.