Essentially the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is a soft power organization that promotes the ideological values of the US while advocating for democratic progress around the world. According to the NED’s own information about its history the organization was founded on the premise that “American assistance on behalf of democracy efforts abroad would be good both for the US and for those struggling around the world for freedom and selfgovernment,” and that, by their own admission, “the model of a non-governmental organization that receives public funding to carry out democracy initiative should be considered by other countries that appreciate the benefits of participating in this significant worldwide movement” (“History | National Endowment for Democracy,” n.d.). With origins dating back to Lyndon B. Johnson’s administration, the US first started its exploration of the notion to fund democracy building objectives around the world when it was revealed that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was receiving funding to “wage the battle of ideas at international forums,” and so Johnson’s administration recommended the establishment of a “public-private mechanism” to fund overseas activities openly (“History | National Endowment for Democracy,” n.d.). However, it took until 1983 for the NED to be fully approved and created by an order of congress known as H.R. 2915 (“History | National Endowment for Democracy,” n.d.).
The creation of the organization was an open attempt to remedy the fact that a covert spying agency was caught using some of its funding in a manner that Congress, the Executive Branch, and the American people deemed less than admirable. So, from the shadows of a CIA program exercising its will to create governments abroad favorable to the US in the name of preserving and promoting democracy the initial discussions of having an open organization dedicated the US government’s agenda was born. The origins of the NED seem less than favorable in terms of promoting the various ideologies associated with democracy in a manner befitting the crux of its ethos. This organization, by its own admission, is not based on the
autonomy usually associated with that of NGOS. In fact, the very nature of the organization was founded on the premise to serve the will of the American government. Despite its attempts to frame itself as an autonomous organization free from the influence of the government, the NED is in fact a shell organization that funnels money through the four institutions created in its wake to further the American agenda abroad.
By posing as an NGO the NED advocates freedom in a manner to help foster other American interest, just as its CIA precursors, used democracy promotion to create governments favorable to US interests. As journalist Robert Parry (2014) suggests, the NED is a, “shadow foreign policy apparatus built by Ronald Reagan for the Cold War survives to this day as a slush fund that keeps American neocons well fed and still destabilizes target nations.” There has been massive criticism of the NED’s activities since its inception. Recently, the organization was criticized for its role in Ukraine and Venezuela. Parry (2014) studied the current undertakings of the organization and found that the policies enacted on behalf of the organization in the Ukraine and Venezuela were consistent with activities that used to be conducted by the CIA; activities such as sponsoring organizations in direct opposition to democratically elected leaders that served the political and economic interests of the US.
The National Endowment for Democracy: Theory, Context, and Practice by Albert Jesse Opraseuth B.A., Georgia State University, 2009