The difference between us and City is that they are far more effective than we are. They've spent (for the most part) wisely on players that fit the team and elevate the team.
They've spent far more for years in advance for Pep's eventual arrival and hiring decision makers in line with Pep's beliefs/philosophy. Pep inherited a team with Aguero, KDB, Silva, Fernandinho and Sterling.
Even then City were nothing special his 1st year in charge. Splurging on the top FBs on the market and cutting the deadwood in the squad changed that.
Also disagree they've spent their money much more wisely, I just think their owners are able/more willing to keep spending if a signing doesn't work out.
Jose has not had carte blanche to shape the squad in any way he sees fit. His arrival wasn't a years in the making process, but rather a reaction to 2 horrible managerial appointments who failed miserably at improving the quality of the squad in a meaningful way despite being given great sums of money to do so. The squad he inherited lacked quality and didn't particularly have any ethos or style of play which suited everybody as it was largely a collection of disparate parts.
IMO Jose has made significant strides in identifying players who represent tangible upgrades in quality and has improved our results, which is seen in our finishing position in the table last season with 81 points. That progression hasn't been as aesthetically pleasing as many supporters prefer and there have been poor results (Sevilla) mixed in which Jose must take blame for.
That said I do think the players he was asking for this summer would have done quite a bit to improve our level of play and gotten more out of our attacking players, specifically Pogba. Fred is a nice complement to him, Willian would have provided natural width and Alderweireld would have allowed our CMs to stay higher up the pitch rather than having to shuttle back to the CBs to collect the ball. All of these players would also improve our ability to transition quickly from defense into attack, something all of Jose's previous teams have been excellent at and which we've struggled with frequently.
I don't think it's wrong for the board to have turned him down on his targets. I do think it's wrong that they suggested no alternatives to the list he submitted and then briefed the press right after the window closed.
I'm not Jose out atm, but I could get there depending on how this season goes. I think people underestimate the difficulty of the job that Jose took over, though and that he's been better (not flawless or close to it) during his 2 years at United than what seems to be the general consensus.