I don't think the F-16s will be used for dogfights. Dogfights are fun in the movies, but in a real war, modern aircraft use missiles. The F-16 is just a platform for missiles and radar. And the US has developed many different missiles for the F-16, some with a very long range. For example, some variants of the following have a range of over 1,000 km.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGM-158_JASSM
You can find the position of the parked bomber using satellites or ground observers, then you send the F-16 to fire the missile, and the bomber (or the ship, or the artillery) is no more.
No comparison with the MiGs. Yes, the F-16 as a platform was developed 50 years ago, but the weapons it carries are very modern.
Yes that is quite true.
But it is important to bear in mind that the F16 is not optimised for the ground attack role.
Out of the European forces, the Tornado is still the most capable ground attack fighter jet because of it radar and weapons. It is a similar age to the F16 and only Germany and Italy still operate it.