I think in some ways Nagelsmann's football ideas are a bit vulnerable when playing against better sides, or just teams that are capable of beating Leipzig's press and can effectively hit them on the counter. One of the aspects he gets the most praise for, and always gets brought up by commentators etc, is that his teams are very adaptable and can change formation between and even during a match. There's obviously some truth to it, as Leipzig regularly switches between back four and back three formations depending on who they're playing. But I wonder if to some extent that's become a bit of a gimmick for Nagelsmann, like his signature move, and whether or not that could actually sometimes be detrimental to his sides.
Obviously that's hard to prove, and I'm not sure about that myself, but if you look at how he has his teams play it's clear he favours certain formations against some sides. For instance, while his record against Bayern isn't positive, he's only lost once against them since joining Leipzig and generally those matches have been pretty even. I think in most of those matches he's had Leipzig play more conservatively, and more classic back 4 formations or with players that let him switch to a back 4 easily during a match.
On the other hand he almost always loses against Dortmund while playing three at the back and pushing his team forward. If you didn't keep an eye on the scoreline, Leipzig has often looked dominant in those performances but end up losing anyway because they get exposed at the back as Dortmund has the quality to counter them. Even against United it looked similar. In the first leg they were toothless up front but still dominated the centre of the pitch easily, and ultimately got picked apart at the back. Again playing three at the back. The second leg they showed more of an attacking edge, but even then they looked fragile once United woke up. Similar story against a Liverpool side low on confidence, but strong on the counter.
There might not be a clear correlation between 3 vs 4 backline, because clearly Leipzig also do well with their favoured 3-4-2-1 or 3-5-2, but against good opponents I get the impression they're less likely to collapse at the back when playing two CBs or fullbacks who are actually part of the backline. Overloading the midfield area works well against teams who don't have pacy players to exploit the space left behind, like Atletico last year in the Champions League, but dangerous when they do.
Or maybe against some good teams Nagelsmann becomes too ambitious regarding possession and pressing high up. Perhaps it can be put down to his teams' age or inexperience in the bigger matches. So far they haven't made the same mistakes against Bayern it seems, although then again those matches are some of the few where Leipzig doesn't have much of a choice but to somewhat cede possession.
It reminds a bit of problems Guardiola's teams often had, but with a weaker team. Dominating possession and overloading the centre is very effective against weaker teams, but against strong teams it can become vulnerable.
According to TM's database he played two games against Bayern with a back four (1 D - 1 L) and two games with a back three (2 D), his five big wins in the CL were all with back three setups as well. So I'm not sure formations really play such a big role in this.
Him being too ambitious in possession sounds like a reasonable explanation though, it sometimes seems like they don't threaten enough upfront while they eventually allow painful counter attacks or turnovers during build up. On the other hand one win in 16 matches is so absurdly low that it demands a big fatal flaw and we're talking about opponents like Wolfsburg, Frankfurt, Leverkusen and Gladbach in that stat, who aren't elite either.
I don't know.. on the flip side he barely lost any matches either (aside from Terzic), so maybe I'm reading too much into bad luck or finishing that prevented some of them from being wins.
Edit:
I just saw this chart on Twitter [goals/xG and goals against/xGa]
Maybe attacking quality really is just a huge factor.
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