Manchester United debt repayment: Q&A
What is the story behind the Glazers' £220m payment-in-kind debt?
By Helia Ebrahimi 4:44PM GMT 16 Nov 2010
Why is debt such a big issue at Manchester United?
The Glazer family borrowed heavily to buy the club and many fans think the burden has restricted the club’s ability to buy players.
Back in autumn 2004 David Gill, the chief executive said: "We've seen many examples of debt in football over the years and the difficulties it causes. We know what that means and we think that is inappropriate for this business."
But the Glazers came back with another bid using so called payment in kind notes (PIK). Because PIK notes have a right to convert into shares - they could be classified as equity, not debt.
How much is the debt burden?
Well last month the club reported a loss of £83.6m for the year ending 30 June, mainly due to interest payments on its debt.
It has been estimated that between 2005-9 Red Football Joint Venture Limited has spent at least £260m servicing its debt.
Is that from these PIK loans and what are they?
Controversial loans which pay high interest and roll up the payments until the end of their life, so no, last year’s interest bill did not include them.
So what interest charges were being accrued on the PIK loan?
Well the PIK loan was worth £220m and was accruing interest at an eye watering 16.25pc a year.
So what could the PIK notes have cost United?
By the end of its life the cost of the loan could have been nearly £600m.
Who held the loan?
Originally it was three New York hedge funds Perry Capital, Och Ziff and Citadel – which extended the money. The notes made lots of money for the three hedge funds which sold the debt on to about 20 so-called vulture funds, institutions who like high risk high reward investments.
Is it United or the Glazers who have paid off the PIK early?
Well it is the Glazers through their holding company Red Football Joint Venture rather than United who are paying off the PIK loan. Joel Glazer, United’s co-chairman has signed a ‘voluntary free payment notice’ to repay 100pc of the outstanding loan on November22.
What from their own money?
Seems to be. And under the terms of a bond issue in January they could have used £70m from the club to pay down part of the debt.
What’s a bond?
A bond is a loan which promises to pay a fixed amount of interest over a period of time at the end of which the original sum must be repaid.
So the PIK loan pay off is good news for United then?
Maybe. Some fans are worried about where the cash has come from though the Glazers say they have not taken a dividend out of United.
So where has the cash come from?
The club and the Glazers aren’t saying but could be they refinanced the loan, or sold a stake in the club or sold other assets to raise the cash.
So does that mean United no longer has any debt?
No, there is still the small matter of the £526m bond issued in January.
Who backed that?
A group of about 50 insurance companies and pension funds lent the money at an annual fixed rate of 9pc.
Was that better than United’s existing debt?
The interest bill was similar but crucially the bond doesn’t mature until 2017 so United has plenty of time to repay it unlike its previous debt.
So what does the bond cost?
Well the latest accounts show United paid £22.7m in interest, and the terms of the bond are for interest to be paid twice a year so about £45m.
So United owes a lot?
Yes it does although in the accounts published today the club also had cash of £151.7m sitting in the bank at the end of September.
Manchester United debt repayment: Q&A - Telegraph