The meaning of the term
woke took on additional connotations, in the context of the 21st-century
culture wars over incipient
social norms.
[42] According to linguist and social critic
John McWhorter,
woke has come to function similar to
politically correct,[43]
Linguist
Ben Zimmer writes that with mainstream currency, the term's "original grounding in African-American political consciousness has been obscured".
[12] Journalist Amanda Hess says social media accelerated the word's
cultural appropriation,
[16] writing, "The conundrum is built in. When white people aspire to get points for consciousness, they walk right into the cross hairs between allyship and appropriation."
[1][16] Writer and activist
Chloé Valdary has stated that the concept of being
woke is a "double-edged sword" that can "alert people to systemic injustice" while also being "an aggressive, performative take on progressive politics that only makes things worse."
[8]
Social justice scholars Tehama Lopez Bunyasi and Candis Watts Smith, in their 2019 book
Stay Woke: A People's Guide to Making All Black Lives Matter, argue against what they term as "Woker-than-Thou-itis: Striving to be educated around issues of social justice is laudable and moral, but striving to be recognized by others as a woke individual is self-serving and misguided."
[44][45][46]