Abroad, people were talking about Pelé, then the youngest player in World Cup history, and a devastating goalscorer domestically. By 1960, he had notched over 230 goals in just over 210 games for his club side Santos. It wasn’t long before European clubs began to inquire about the young man’s availability.
Whilst rumours had emerged in Brazilian newspaper sources for many years about European clubs coming in for Pelé, it wasn’t until the early 1960s when things began to intensify. It was during this time that Santos began to receive tempting offers from giants of the European game such as Real Madrid, Juventus, Inter Milan and Manchester United.
In 1961, Inter signalled their intent with a million dollar bid for the Santos striker. Rumours began to emerge around the streets of Vila Belmiro, Santos’s homeland, about Pelé leaving the club. Unsurprisingly, the fans weren’t happy. Santos, however, rejected the deal, much to the relief of their supporters. Nevertheless, fears remained about how long Pelé would remain in Brazil.
It wasn’t just Santos being targeted, however, as clubs were also approaching Pelé personally. In an interview with FourFourTwo Magazine in 2005, Pelé revealed that Juventus chairman Gianni Agnelli had personally offered Pelé a share in Fiat in an attempt to lure the Brazilian to the Old Lady.
Back in his office in Brasília, Jânio Quadros had gotten wind about the European advances for Pelé. Quadros was aware by now that his public support was negligible at best. After all, a president who banned bikinis in a country rich in beaches was always going to be unpopular; it sounds trivial but it was a highly contentious issue.
Pelé’s departure to Europe had the potential to effectively end Quadros’ presidential tenure. He was more than a footballer to Brazil having contributed to their first ever World Cup, and Quadros knew he couldn’t be known as the man responsible for Pelé’s departure. Fearing for his political future, the president acted quickly, gathering together a coalition of willing partners and pushed through a bill naming Pelé as a national treasure. This was not a token act aimed at massaging the striker’s ego; it was a law that prevented Pelé from being transferred out of the country.
For Santos, it meant that they could hang on to a player who scored goals for fun. For Quadros, it brought him some much needed public support; for Pelé, it meant he was confined to Brazilian football for another decade. When O Seleção won the World Cup again in 1962, Santos could rest assured in the knowledge that they could hang onto Pelé no matter what.
Although Quadros’ tenure as president only lasted seven months, none of his successors ever revised the bill. Why would they? Pelé brought joy to the Brazilian people and could be relied upon to buy some good PR for a failing presidency. Quadros had proven that. In a strange interplay between politics and football, arguably the world’s greatest footballer had been legally confined to his own country.