I'll give it a go.
— Each team consists of 11 players (like football). And like football, there are different roles.
This is the cricket pitch, which is the central area of the entire field, where the batting and bowling takes place:
This is the entire cricket field (The light coloured rectangle in the middle is the cricket pitch (above):
This is where the batsmen and bowler stand:
Now for some basics:
- Before each game, the two teams toss a coin to decide who will go in to bat, first, and who will bowl.
- Each side has a
"batting order", from one to eleven. Generally, the better batsmen will be in the first four or five positions (top order), and the specialist bowlers, who are usually not as good at batting, will be in positions 8/9/10/11 (lower order).
- When the game starts, the batting side sends out their first two batsmen (as in above picture), known as the
"openers".
- The bowling side uses one bowler at a time, and the rest of the team field (i.e. attempt to stop/catch the ball, and prevent it from going to the boundary).
- The wicket keeper is also a specialist position, and there is one per side. Their job is to prevent the ball from flying past the batsmen and going on to hit the boundary (edge of the pitch) behind them (I'll explain more later). They are essentially there to stop the ball if the batsman doesn't hit it.
Bowling:
- As you can see from the video, each bowler bowls 6 consecutive balls (an
over) from one end, and then another bowler does the same from the other end. So, for example, bowler (1) bowls an over (6 balls), from one end —>. Bowler (2) then bowls an over (6 balls) from the opposite end <—. They then repeat that until the captain (who makes most of the on-field decisions) decides that he would like to change either one or both.
Usually there are between four or five bowlers in a team, and each bowler will usually bowl for several overs (6 balls per over) before they are changed, and another bowler takes their place. This provides variety, as no two bowlers are the same, and if one of your bowlers fails to take a wicket, or if the batsman is scoring too many runs, you can change bowlers.
- To score what are known as
runs, the batsman either has to hit the ball to the boundary (the edge of the field in any direction), in which case, if the ball has touched the ground after it left the bat, they will be awarded four runs, or if it has been hit over the boundary without touching the ground, they will be awarded six runs. So, hits boundary having touched the ground after leaving bat = 4 runs. Hits boundary having remained in the air and not touching the ground after leaving the bat = 6 runs.
Runs can also be scored by hitting the ball in to an area of the field, and then running to the other end of the cricket pitch (the rectangle above) and back as many times as you can before the fielding side has managed to collect the ball and throw it back to either end (where either a fielder or the wicket keeper should be waiting). If one of the batsman is still running between the wickets when the ball arrives at the end that he is running toward, and the
"bails" (see below) are removed, either by direct throw, or a fielder knocking them off with the ball in their hand, then he has been
"run out".
The
"bails" are the pieces of wood that rest on the
"stumps" (the long wooden poles in the ground).
Both batsman have to run
"between the wickets" (so the batsman that has hit the ball runs from his end to the other, while the other (who just stands there while the other batsman faces the bowler) runs from the opposite end to the end where the batsman that has just hit the ball) for a run to be scored. In other words, the two batsman have to cross over. They can do this as many times as they like, while making sure that they aren't
"run out".
- The bowling (and fielding) sides objective is to either hit the stumps when they bowl a ball (which is difficult), or to trick the batsman in to hitting the ball in the air, where it can be caught by anyone on the bowling and fielding side (the bowler, wicketkeeper, or fielders). That is what is known as being
out, and the batsman has to leave the field, and the next batsman then comes in.
- As there are 11 players, and two batsman are at the crease (as in third picture) at any one time, each team has 10 wickets in hand (i.e. 10 players that the bowlers and fielders have to get out). This is because there will always be one person left at the crease when the last batsman is out, and they are left without a partner (stranded).
- At that point, the
innings (11 batsman, 10 of which are out) is over, and the roles are reversed.
So, let's use the game between England and Australia to help you to further understand:
England were the first team to bat, Australia to bowl. In a test match (5 day game) both sides get to bat and bowl twice. The score from the two innings are then added together, and the team with the most runs wins. There is more to it than that, but I will explain it at the end.
This is England's 1st innings
"score card". So, let's unpack it:
- Strauss and Cook were the
"openers" — the first two players to bat.
- Strauss scored 161 runs (which is a massive score, as you can see compared to the rest) from 268 balls (that is how many balls were bowled at him). As you can see, he scored 22 fours, which means that he hit the ball to the boundary (any edge of the entire field) on 22 occasions, each time hitting the ground before it made it to the boundary. Therefore, 22 x 4 = 88 runs. So, Strauss scored 88 runs out of his total of 161 in
"fours". He didn't hit any
"sixes" (ball hits boundary without touching ground — in other words, always in the air).
- Hilfenhaus was the Australian bowler that eventually got him out. As you can see from the scorecard, it simply says
"b Hifenhaus" (b = bowled). That means that Hilenhaus directly struck Strauss's stumps with the ball, as you see in the video.
c = caught. So, the bowler bowled the ball, the player hit it into the air, and the player with the 'c' next to their name caught the ball.
lbw = Leg Before Wicket. This is complicated, but it essentially means that the bowler bowled the ball, and the batsman either missed it, or didn't have time to get his bat down to where the ball is, and the ball hit him on the pads (which protect his legs), and it looks as though the ball would have gone on to hit the stumps. The reason for this rule is that, without it, a player could simply allow the ball to hit his pads all of the time, instead of going on to hit the stumps. It's far more complicated than that, as the ball has to land in a certain area, but I'll leave it there. (by the way, as I've already said, the stumps are the wooden poles in the ground, the bails are the pieces of wood that rest on the stumps, and the wicket is the two together. In effect, when I say stumps, it is the same as wicket)
After Cook was out for 95, Bopara came in next, and so on, in the order that is listed.
Now, as you can see, England scored 425 in their 1st innings and 311 in their 2nd innings. That adds up to a total of 736 runs.
Australia scored 215 in their 1st innings and 406 in their 2nd innings, which adds up to a total of 621 runs.
So, that is why England won the match. However, if Australia had managed to keep at least one wicket in tact (i.e. 2 players at the crease) the match would have been drawn. The reason for that is that the 5 days would have been up, and it is necessary for at least one side (the winning side) to bowl the opposition out twice (1st and 2nd innings).
I really don't want to confuse you further, but the reason that it says that England
"declared" in their 2nd innings at 311 for 6 (number of wickets lost) is because Australia had only scored 215 in their 1st innings, and England had already scored 736 (1st and 2nd), which meant that Australia needed 522 to win the match. If England had waited until they were all out in the second innings, it would have wasted valuable time in which to bowl Australia out for a second time. England clearly felt that a 521 lead (522 to win, remember) was enough, so you are allowed to
"declare", meaning that you end your own innings prematurely, and force the opposition back in to bat, needing to either reach the 522 run total to win, or to not lose all 10 wickets to snatch a draw.
I'll gladly take any questions. I've done my best in the time available, so I can only apologize if it still reads like Swahili.