One key thing to understand is that Intel now has a sub-optimal business model, namely they still also manufacture the chips that they design. AMD was the same for most of their history, but spun-off their foundry (manufacturing) in 2009 (called GlobalFoundries now). AMD now has most of their chips manufactured by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company. TSMC also manufactures virtually all of the chips for Apple Silicon and Nvidia. This business model where a company just designs chips and has someone else manufacture them is called Fabless, while TSMC doesn't design or brand any chips of their own.
What this has enabled is TSMC having a huge budget to advance the technology of manufacturing and enable ever smaller transistors and other technologies on the chips, which then Nvidia/Apple/AMD/others use in their designs to suit their own different end purposes. Intel on the other hand made a decision on the foundry side a few years ago not to adopt EUV technology (was the latest tech from ASML, TSMC did adopt it) and that has in turn limited their ability to reduce transistor size. So the design side might hypothetically be capable of thinking up more dense and performant chips, but the foundry side isn't able to manufacture them.
Intel will start (is starting? forgot the timeline) to use TSMC to make some of their chips, and the foundry business will also try to attract external customers that want to manufacture chips with them. But where this is likely headed is the same thing AMD did 15 years ago, and the foundry business will probably be spun-off at some point in the not-too-distant future.